Installation and service technicians, tradespeople, or facilities workers are responsible for the construction, installation, maintenance, and repair of HVAC/R systems. These jobs emphasize hands-on experience and have lower barriers to entry. Candidates usually have a high school diploma and begin by completing an apprenticeship program, earning a trade certificate, or starting in an entry-level position at an HVAC/R company, which allows them to learn skills on-the-job from experienced workers.

Jobs in this field require workers to learn new skills as the industry moves from fossil fuel-powered systems to electrified buildings that incorporate new, modern HVAC/R technologies. Most job titles will remain relevant, as the tasks performed will be similar to current job duties, but workers will need to learn more about clean energy systems. One exception is boilermakers, which are less necessary as buildings shift away from fossil fuels; however, these workers have the foundational skills needed to find a new role in HVAC/R with retraining.

Construction, installation, maintenance, and repair workers within the HVAC/R field will need to understand complex heat pump systems, and they will also need to learn IT-related tasks that support smart homes. Training opportunities for workers include product-specific training offered by equipment manufacturers and distributors, as well as continuing education coursework or certificates offered by trade organizations (e.g., North American Technician Excellence). Vocational schools, postsecondary institutions, and union apprenticeship training programs are also likely to include training on these emerging technologies as they become more commonplace.